Equity ownership supplies the highest rate of return over time; more than cash and bonds. Common stocks have provided over a 6% real rate of return over time, providing one of the best means to stay ahead of inflation. Stock ownership is one of the foundations of capitalism and a free of charge-enterprise system. Common stock provides benefits to the issuer, shareholder, and society in general. The issuer raises capital for producing services or goods.

The shareholder receives the fractional benefits of a business that is much larger than they might normally have the ability to participate in. Society enjoys the advantages of the products and services of the issuing company as well as the careers produced by the business. And let’s remember the fees paid by both the company and shareholders. Owners of common stock haven’t any guarantees, but are accepting the chance in trade for potential greater gains than other safer investments.

However, the shareholder’s liability is bound to the price paid for the normal stock. Common stock can be very volatile and is normally considered a high risk investment class. In the full case of liquidation of the business, owners of common stock are last in-line behind creditors, bondholders, and preferred stockholders.

The price of a common stock can trade for pretty much than its real or intrinsic value. That is why it’s important to understand the value of any stock you purchase. In order to reduce the risk of owning common stock, you want to purchase the stock at a discount to its intrinsic value.

If you can purchase a stock for under its real value the difference between your price you paid and its real value is called the margin of protection. The larger the margin of protection the less risk and the greater potential incentive in holding that investment. All investors with a long-term investment horizon should think about buying common stock. The advantages of owning stock much outweigh the potential risks for investors who are ready to do their homework, look for value, and accept a long-term investment horizon.

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This is exactly why Buffett and Munger both have to concur that Berkshire is trading for a discount before buybacks can take place. With that said, if a company is trading for a significant discount to the intrinsic value of the business, Buffett is all in favor of management allocating huge amounts of capital to buybacks. On the other hand, if a solid value case can’t be made, Buffett views buybacks as a poor choice.

Why doesn’t Berkshire pay a dividend, and can it ever? The short response to whether Berkshire will pay a dividend is “most likely not ever.” And, many investors wonder why this is, especially considering what a sizable and profitable company Berkshire Hathaway is steadily. There are a few reasons Buffett has given in the past regarding Berkshire’s lack of a dividend. For one thing, different investors might want different yields, so there is no easy way to decide on a dividend policy. And, dividends are taxable to shareholders who own stocks in non-retirement accounts.